Wood-turning lathe



V(No Model.) .2 sheetssheet 1..

C. W. WLDER.

WOOD T-URNINGLATHE.

No. 254,419. Patented Feb. 28,1882.

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G. W. WILDER. l WOODTURNING LATER. No. 254,419. Patentedeb. 28,1882.,

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

CHARLES W. WILDER, OF FITOHBURG, MASSAGHSETTS.

WOOD-TURNING LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 254,419, dated February 28, 1882.

Application filed January 22, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GHARLEs W. WILDER, a citizen-of the United States,residin g at Fitchburg, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefullmprovementsin Wood-TurningLathes; and I do hereby declare the following to'be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or gures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of lathes for rapidly forming various small wooden articles of regular shapes--such as spools, pillboxes, handles, &c.-the beds. of which are equipped with a fixed head-stock and sliding tail-stock and a central sliding tool-holding carriage, the head-stock having a chuck to hold and revolve a long stick of wood from which anumber of articles may be successively turned, while the central carria ge is fitted with a guidesocket to receive the roughed-out end of the stick with roughing-out tool-on the front side thereof, and shaping, finishing, and cutting-off tools on the tail side thereof, while the tail- 'stock carries a boring-tool for simultaneously boring the work.

The nature of my invention consists, rst, in a carriage arranged to slide on the ways of the lathe in a direction with the length thereof, and having combined with andattached to it a shaping-tool guided by a pattern, a nvishing and a cutting-off tool guided by a slidvnovel means, hereinafter described, whereby the attendant can with his knee exercise perfeet control over the movements of the finish-' ing and cutting-oft' tools without the nseof stiff-rod connections.

' The invention finally consistsin a'novel d e- (No model.)

vice for clamping the cutting-oft'tool to itsy holder and securing the same to the finishing-tool slide, as' will be hereinafter described.

Figure l of the drawings is a plan view ofy is a transverse section 011 the lineyyof Fig. l

2, showing the rear side of said carriage. Fig. 5Vis a perspective view, showing the finishing and cutting-off tools, and their guides and supports detached from the sliding tool-carriage. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the holder for the cutting-off tool. Fig. 7 is a side view of part of the tool-carriage, showing the roughing-tool'and its holder adjusted away from the cheek of the carriage.

The body or frame A of the lathe is itted at one end with the usual iixed head-stock, B, and at the opposite end with the sliding tailstock C, while between the two the sliding tool-carriage D is arranged.

The spindle of the head-stock is provided with the usual chuck, a., to hold and revolve the wooden stick, which chuck has preferably a conical mouth, in which a screw-thread is formed to engage the end of the stick. The spindle of the tail-stock is adapted to hold a boring-tool, as shown, for work requiring it, and the tail-stock is also provided with a toolpost, b, for holding a tool to act on the end of the stick for forming a tenon or other terminal thereon when required. Adjustable stop-screws c c' project respectively from the face'of the head and tail stocks to limit the movement of the tool-carriage and tail-stocks.

All of the parts above referred to are about of the usual construction, and the lathe is operated and the work performed thereon in the usual manner, which hence requires no further description. The body of the lathe, however,

,is provided on one side with a A-guideway,

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embodied in the tool-carriage D. From the base of this carriage, and about midway thereof, the usual upright web, D', rises. This upright has a central opening provided with a ring, d, into the flaring mouth of which the stick first enters. This ring has a central bore of a size corresponding to the rough diameter of the work, and forms a guide and socket for the same to turn in. The roughingout tool e, which cuts off the corners from the stick and reduces it to a. size to enter the socket of the ring d, is mounted on the front side of the upright and projects oblique] y into a radial gap in the socket-rin g d, while the shaping, nishin g, and cutting-ott' tools Q3 m o are arranged in appropriate holders on the opposite side of the upright, the two latter being brought into action by the knee-lever H, projecting from the carriage below the bed of the lathe. According to the present invention, the roughing-tool e is held in a slotted holder, e', pivoted to a stud, f wh-ich projects from an arm, f, attached to the front face of the upright D. The lower, end of this holder is provided with a setscrew, g, theend of which rests upon a lug, f2, projecting from the lower end of the armf. By means of this set-screw the outer end of the pivoted tool-holder may be raised and the cutting-tool forced down and held against the guide-socket ring in such a manner as to prevent vibration of the tool. This tool-holder is also adapted to slide outward and inward on the pivot, whereby the tool is adjusted longitudinally of the lathe to give it greater or less depth of cut for guidelsocket rings or ringrests of different sizes.

The arln fis attached to the upright by r means of screws, said screws passing through the upright from the rear side thereof, and entering said arm near its inner and outer ends respectively. The screw at the inner end serves as a pivot-screw, while that at the outer end serves as a set-screw and is adapted to move inacurved slot, h, in the upright. This connection enables the arm carrying the toolholder to be raised or lowered.

Immediately in the rear of the upright D' is a shaping-tool, i This tool is attached by means of a screw or otherwise to the short arm of a bent lever, j, which turns on a pivot, 7c, projecting from a support fastened to the periphery ofthe upright. The long arm of this bent lever is held by means of a spring, l, against the pattern-strip E, which extends parallel with the bed of the lathe and is supported on standards F F, rising therefrom. The action of this knife is thus controlled by the pattern-strip. a succession of articles from the stick without removing the latter, the pattern-strip is made with a succession ot similar forms.

A finishing-tool, my, is attached to an inclined sliding tool-holder, G, moving on dovetailed guideways mounted between the uprightsD/'D2 of the tool-carriage, and operated by the kneelever. This tool is adapted to cut the wood by a shearing cut, one part thereof being higher As the lathe is designed to make than the other, and the highest part reaching the wood rst. This sliding tool-holder is provided with a horizontally-projecting arm, n, which carries a cutting-ott' tool, o, the holder o of which is adjustable on said arm.- The inner end of this arm is bent longitudinally of the lathe and attached to the said sliding toolholder by means of a slot and set-screw, by means of which latter the arm may be adjusted toward or from the upright.

The holder ovfor the severing-tool is provided with a vertical and a horizontal slot opening into each other, the former of which receives said tool and the latter the projecting arm. A set-screw in the holder clamps the severing-tool between the holder and the arm, and secures vertical adjustment of the tool.

The vertical slide G is provided, near its center, with an outwardly-proj ecting ear, by means of which it is attached to the arm p, which is raised and lowered by the wrist q in the crank-v wheel c'. A tlexible elastic belt or strap, s, is attached at one end to the periphery of the crank-wheel, passes over the same, and is attached at the other end to the inner end of the knee-lever H, or to an arc-shaped arm attached thereto. Said lever is pivoted to an arm depending from the tool-carriage between the ways. As the outer end of the knee-lever is pressed down the crank-wheel is turned by means ofthe strap and the tool-carrying slide is raised. upon the shaft of the crank-wheel, and connected at one end to a spiral or other spring which serves to turn back the crank-wheel and restore the slide to place.

The operation is as follows: The stick being placed in position, it is first acted on by the roughing-tool, which removes the corners and reduces it so that it will pass through the socket-ring. After passing through the ring the stick is next acted upon by the shapingtool, whereby it is shaped according to the forms in the pattern-strip, but roughly shaped, however, owing to the spiral action of said tool. After being so shaped the work is smoothed by the finishing-tool, and then severed by the cuttin goi tool, bot-h of which latter are attached to the slide operated by the knee-lever. As the finishing-tool is slightly tipped toward the work, when it passes upward the wood is re lieved from contact with it while being severed by the cutting-ofi` tool. The slide G, bearing the shaping and cutting-off tools, being connected by a rod to a crank-wheel, and this crank-wheel being connected to the knee-lever by a ileXible strap and to the tool-carriage by a strap or cord and a spring, it will be seen that the' power required to depress the kneelever is practically unvarying, owing to the fact that the leverage does not lengthen or shorten, and that there are no dead-centers7 to overcome. For this reason the tieXible-strap connection between the knee-lever and its crank-wheel is a great improvement on the connections used in the machine secured to me by Letters Patent Nos. 150,737 and 242,242.

Another strap or cord, t, is wound IOO IIO

What is claimed as the invention is- 1. A tool-carriage having an interchangeable ring-rest through which the stick passes, provided with aroughing-tool which is pivoted to a vertically-adjustable arm, and which is itself vertically adjustable, for the purpose of causing it to bear on said ring, substantially as described. Y

2. The eombination,with the tool-carriage and a removable ring-rest, of a roughing-tool supported by a tool-holder which is adjustable vertically and longitudinally of the lathe on a stud fixed to a vertically-adjustable arm, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with. the flanged and throated ringrest of the tool-carriage, of the vertically-adj ustable arm f and the adjustable tool-holder, the stud f', and the set-screw g, substantially as described.

4. In a lathe of the character described, a tool-holder connected to the wrist-pin of a crank-wheel the hub ot which turns about a bearing depending from the tool-carriage, in combination with a retracting-spring, an actuating-lever, and a flexible connection between z 5 the crank-wheel and lever, substantially as described. l

5. The co1nbination,in a lathe, of a movable tool-carriage, a movable finishing-tool, a kneelever, a crank-wheel, a exible connection be- 3o tween the knee-lever and crank-wheel which allows an unvarying leverage and an instan- CHARLES W. WILDER.

Witnesses:

GHAS. S. HAYDEN, DANIEL H. RELGH. l 

